Ciolini, Elio (Bande Haemers, Loge P2 en Italie)

Autre article en italien, avec des informations sur la tentative d'escroquerie qui lui vaut d'être détenu :

http://www.ilfattoquotidiano.it/2011/07/30/bomba-2-agosto-1980-stragi-di-mafia-p2-storia-del-depistatore-impenitente-elio-ciolini/148946/

Article sur les escroqueries récentes :

http://www.lavocedellevoci.it/inchieste1.php?id=460

Plusieurs personnes citées : Nino Sobrero, 50 anni, Jonathan Todd Clinard, 48 anni, Stefano Loy, 50, Tiziana Scordo, 47, Fabrizio Mori, 50, e Roberto Biasizzo, 39

Voir

http://tesoro-del-alma.blogspot.be/2011/12/jonathan-todd-clinard.html

Pour plus de détails

http://infosannio.wordpress.com/2011/03/29/fallita-la-truffa-del-secolo-da-500-miliardi-pizzicati-i-re-della-stangata/

La tentative d'escroquerie était vraiment gigantesque ...

Cela aurait pu être l'arnaque du siècle ...

Vous trouverez ci-dessous un lien vers un document rédigé notamment par Serge de Thibault de Boesinghe.

Ce dernier avait des liens avec Robert Wellens (casse de la rue Haute) qui a introduit Elio Ciolini dans l'extrême-droite belge.

http://www.scribd.com/BEGHINSELEN

http://www.scribd.com/doc/106696943/Katanga-3-janvier-1963-Serge-de-Thibaut-de-Boisinghe

Il est aussi question de Serge de Thibault de Boesinghe dans le livre suivant :

L'extrême droite et l'Etat (auteurs divers, EPO 1981)

CHP6 - Front de la Jeunesse : une milice privée d'extrême-droite
p.145 du livre

En tant que milice, le Front de la Jeunesse a comme première utilité de propager des idées racistes, anti-tiersmondistes et anti-syndicale . Il mène ainsi une campagne virulente pour le renvoi des immigrés dans leur pays conjointement avec le VMO, le Parti Européen de Jacques Borsu et la Ligue Civique Belge d'Omer Molle et de Serge de Thiebaut de Boesinghe. A titre d'exemple, on peut épingler un article de Francis Dossogne dans le Nouvel Europe Magazine de mai 1978 article intitulé «Vivre avec les immigrés» (...)

et dans

Les brigades noires (S.Dumont, 1983)

Chapitre 14: 1978-82, les révélations et les scandales
p.204

Mais revenons quelques instants à la "Ligue Civique Belge". Il est pour le moins intéressant de constater que le viceprésident de ce mouvement d'extrême-droite qui ambitionne de moraliser la vie politique belge est impliqué dans une affaire qui a défrayé la chronique : le "casse de la rue Haute". Une opération bien montée qui permit à un groupe de malfaiteurs de piller les coffres d'une succursale de la Société Générale de Belgique un week-end d' avril 1980 et de s'emparer d'un butin évalué à 180 millions de francs belges. Accusé de faux, recel de faux et d'avoir organisé la revente de titres volés, Serge Thibault de Boesinghe, vice-président de la "Ligue Civique Belge", a d'abord été acquitté au bénéfice du doute par un jugement de la 21ème chambre correctionnelle de Bruxelles rendu le 25 mai 1982. Il n 'a pas bénéficié de la même chance en appel. Le 20 octobre 1982, la 8ème chambre de la Cour d'Appel l'a condamné à 5 ans de prison. Une condamnation qui devrait porter un coup fatal à la réputation de la LCB.

Parmi les auteurs du document

http://www.scribd.com/doc/106696943/Katanga-3-janvier-1963-Serge-de-Thibaut-de-Boisinghe

on trouve l'historien Jo Gérard ... qui fut un contributeur à Nouvelle Europe Magazine.

Voir :

http://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jo_G%C3%A9rard

attention avec l'histoire de serge

son père l'avait désherité parce qu'il avait été condamné mais plus tard il a gagné le proces et il a fait des demarches aussi pour recuper ses droits

finalement je n'en sait rien: si il a été condamné ou cassation ???

la maison familiale a été un lieu de "resistance" ds la WOII

il y des photos qqs part sur le net

http://archives.lesoir.be/revision-de-boesinghe_t-19890930-Z020P7.html

REVISION DE BOESINGHE

HAQUIN,RENE

Page 7

Samedi 30 septembre 1989

Cour d'appel de Mons

Le procès en révision de Thibault de Boesinghe

(...)

Sur Thibault de Boesinghe :

http://thedominican.net/2012/01/dominica-neo-nazi-appointment.html

A neo Nazi appointment request and push back for Dominica’s new ambassadors

By Thomson Fontaine

January 2, 2012 12:50 p.m.

(...) Serge Roger De Thibault De Boesinghe, as Ambassador of the Commonwealth of Dominica to Ireland.

It turns out that in the seventies De Boesinghe became a member of an international neo-Nazi organization, the new European order, and was active in the Belgian branch of the movement.

De Boesinghe was also a close friend and confidant of Leone Degrelle the former head of the Walloon Division of Hitler’s dreaded Waffen SS, which were front-line troops in the fight against the Soviet Union.

Equally disturbing is the fact that in 1980 Serge de Thibault de Boesinghe was indicted and arrested by the Belgian police for his role in a bank robbery. At the time, Police fingered de Boesinghe as the ring leader and he was sentenced to five years in prison.

At the time of his conviction, de Boesinghe place was searched and several Nazi pamphlets were found as well as letters from well known Nazis. He was also the vice president of a group of the far-right Belgian Civic League. In 1982 he won a retrial and was later released.

News of the rejection of de Boesinghe’s credentials by the Ireland government has just come to light but it reveals a pattern engaged in by the Dominican government of seeking to appoint men of dubious character as ambassadors for Dominica.

(...)

HERVE a écrit:

Parmi les auteurs du document

http://www.scribd.com/doc/106696943/Katanga-3-janvier-1963-Serge-de-Thibaut-de-Boisinghe

on trouve l'historien Jo Gérard ... qui fut un contributeur à Nouvelle Europe Magazine.

Voir :

http://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jo_G%C3%A9rard

Tiens, il n'est pas fait état de son livre paru aux Editions Collet en 1988 : La Franc Maçonnerie en Belgique.... .

"Fruit des longues recherches, le livre de Jo Gérard passionnera certes les milieux maçonniques, mais aussi tous les Belges soucieux d'une information objective et fouillée sur les loges et leurs activités d'hier et d'aujourd'hui". JG n'appartient pas à la FM mais il l'étudie sous un angle inédit : qua t'elle apporté à la Belgique depuis deux siècles ?
L'auteur a disposé d'une documentation abondante, qu'il complèta pas ses enquêtes dans les milieux maçonniques eux-mêmes"

Il ne faut pas confondre la Dominique et la République dominicaine ...

Pour information, il faut se souvenir de l'opération "Red Dog" ( ou "Bayou des cochons" )

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operation_Red_Dog

C'est une tentative de prise de pouvoir, en 1981, par l'extrême-droite nord-américaine (KKK) ...

L'affaire Thibault De Boesinghe doit donc réveiller des souvenirs ...

Pas loin de là ... et à la même époque (1981) ... il y a la tentative avortée de coup d'Etat au Surinam dont a parlé van Haperen ...

Il en serait même question dans " Soldier of fortune " (volume 33) mais je n'ai qu'un passage :

2008 - Extrait : "After a personal conflict with the Surinamese dictator, he fled to Holland and began working against the government in Suriname. After a ... Van Haperen — the "captain" — took a swig of his whiskey and looked around the room. "And who are ...

Pour rappel, Madani Bouhouche aurait participé à la logistique ...

A noter : l'invasion de la Grenade date du 25 octobre 1983.

A ce sujet, l'échange de correspondance entre Michel RELECOM et Ronald REAGAN est sur :


http://www.scribd.com/BEGHINSELEN

http://www.scribd.com/doc/81559411/Correspondance-Michel-RELECOM-Ronald-REAGAN


Voir le fil de discussion sur Michel Relecom, qui a été président de la Chambre de commerce, d'industrie et d'agriculture Belgique-Luxembourg-Afrique-Caraïbes ... et dont la société UNIBRA incluait le European Institute of Management (EIM). Il y a aussi un lien entre UNIBRA et le prince Alexandre ...

Sur Jonathan Todd Clinard, co-inculpé avec Elio Ciolini ...

http://tesoro-del-alma.blogspot.be/search?q=Jonathan+Todd+Clinard+

HERVE a écrit:

Sur Jonathan Todd Clinard, co-inculpé avec Elio Ciolini ...

http://tesoro-del-alma.blogspot.be/search?q=Jonathan+Todd+Clinard+

01-11-00414-CR Kimberly Evette Butler v. The State of Texas–Appeal from 230th District Court of Harris County


Appellant, Kimberly Evette Butler, was charged by indictment with attempted theft of property valued at $200,000 or more.[1] Appellant pleaded not guilty. The jury found her guilty and assessed punishment at 80 years’ confinement. In two issues, appellant argues (1) the evidence was legally insufficient to support her conviction and (2) the trial court erred in denying her motion for dismissal based on entrapment.

We affirm.

Background

Appellant presented two fraudulent bills of exchange, each with the face value of 5 billion dollars, to a Wells Fargo bank in Dallas, Texas. The documents were transferred to another Wells Fargo bank in Houston, Texas for processing.

The documents were determined to be fraudulent. The coloring differed between the two documents, though they should have been uniform. The documents were guaranteed twice by the United States government, though they should have only been guaranteed once. Certain coding information appeared at the bottom of them that would not appear on a bill of exchange. Only one had an original stamp. The account domain payer was identified as both the U.S. Secretary of Treasury and U.S. Secretary of Transportation, though the Department of Transportation is not involved in bills of exchange.

The payee on the documents was identified as Jonathan Todd Clinard. Documentation provided in support of the bills of exchange identified Clinard as a man with assets in excess of 2.8 trillion dollars. The testimony at trial established that it should have been easy to find information on a trillionaire with a simple internet search. The passport number given for Clinard was for an individual living in the state of Washington who had been arrested multiple times for driving while intoxicated. Otherwise, no other information could be found for this person.

After the bills of exchange had been transferred to Houston, appellant came to the Houston office with Bernard Mitchell. Appellant indicated that she wanted to set up a new bank account to deposit the money from the bills of exchange. She was not able to set up a new account because she did not pass their risk-screening process. At the time, appellant had another account open with Wells Fargo for a business identified as Asian Horizon General Trading. Appellant was the only signer for that account.

At that meeting, appellant presented a business card identifying herself as the president and CEO of the company. The website listed on the card did not exist. The card listed two phone numbers. One was disconnected. The other was answered by a male who refused to identify himself and then hung up.

When the bills of exchange were determined to be fraudulent, they were turned over to Carlos Zepeda, a fraud investigator for Wells Fargo. Appellant called multiple times to check on the status of the bills of exchange and was referred to Zepeda, posing as a processor for the bills. One telephone conversation began with appellant saying, “This is Ms. Butler and I’m calling about my ten Bs.”

Zepeda contacted Special Agent J. Breedlove with the U.S. Secret Service. After investigating the matter, Special Agent Breedlove asked Zepeda to assist in a sting operation for appellant. Under the plan, Zepeda arranged a meeting with appellant and Mitchell on December 10, 2009 at the Houston Wells Fargo office. He asked appellant to come to the office to discuss the transaction.

On that day, Zepeda took appellant and Mitchell into a conference room at the bank. The meeting took about one hour. Zepeda began by asking for information about her company, Asian Horizon General Trading. Even though she was president and CEO of the company, appellant was unable to answer most questions and turned to Mitchell for him to answer. Appellant acted nervous, worried, and scared during the meeting, stuttering frequently when asked questions.

At the end, the conversation turned to depositing the money, and appellant became more confident. She was adamant that the money be made available for withdrawal the next day. Zepeda had appellant endorse the bills of exchange and sign two collection item receipts, which indicated that she could verify the final endorsement on the bills of exchange. Appellant signed and presented the documents to Zepeda.

Once he obtained the signatures, Zepeda left the conference room and Breedlove entered and arrested appellant.

After the sting operation, Special Agent Breedlove obtained an email from appellant’s husband to appellant and Mitchell. Appellant’s husband stated in the email, “Here are a few points about Asian Horizon General Trading Company that we should know and remember.” The points included when Asian Horizon was created, who Clinard was, what the money will be used for, where the corporate headquarters will be located, and the identity of their legal representative—with an instruction to tell Wells Fargo that he had tried to contact them this morning and wants them to call him. While the legal representative was a real person, he denied having any involvement in the purported transaction.

Sufficiency of the Evidence

In her first issue, appellant argues the evidence was legally insufficient to support her conviction.

A. Standard of Review

This Court reviews sufficiency-of-the-evidence challenges applying the same standard of review, regardless of whether an appellant presents the challenge as a legal or a factual sufficiency challenge. See Ervin v. State, 331 S.W.3d 49, 53–54 (Tex. App.—Houston [1st Dist.] 2010, pet. ref’d) (construing majority holding of Brooks v. State, 323 S.W.3d 893 (Tex. Crim. App. 2010)). This standard of review is the standard enunciated in Jackson v. Virginia, 443 U.S. 307, 319, 99 S. Ct. 2781, 2789 (1979). See id. Pursuant to this standard, evidence is insufficient to support a conviction if, considering all the record evidence in the light most favorable to the verdict, no rational fact finder could have found that each essential element of the charged offense was proven beyond a reasonable doubt. See Jackson, 443 U.S. at 319, 99 S. Ct. at 2789; In re Winship, 397 U.S. 358, 361, 90 S. Ct. 1068, 1071 (1970); Laster v. State, 275 S.W.3d 512, 517 (Tex. Crim. App. 2009); Williams v. State, 235 S.W.3d 742, 750 (Tex. Crim. App. 2007). We can hold evidence to be insufficient under the Jackson standard in two circumstances: (1) the record contains no evidence, or merely a “modicum” of evidence, probative of an element of the offense, or (2) the evidence conclusively establishes a reasonable doubt. See Jackson, 443 U.S. at 314, 318 n.11, 320, 99 S. Ct. at 2786, 2789 n.11; see also Laster, 275 S.W.3d at 518; Williams, 235 S.W.3d at 750.

The sufficiency-of-the-evidence standard gives full play to the responsibility of the fact finder to resolve conflicts in the testimony, to weigh the evidence, and to draw reasonable inferences from basic facts to ultimate facts. See Jackson, 443 U.S. at 319, 99 S. Ct. at 2789; Clayton v. State, 235 S.W.3d 772, 778 (Tex. Crim. App. 2007). An appellate court presumes that the fact finder resolved any conflicts in the evidence in favor of the verdict and defers to that resolution, provided that the resolution is rational. See Jackson, 443 U.S. at 326, 99 S. Ct. at 2793. In viewing the record, direct and circumstantial evidence are treated equally; circumstantial evidence is as probative as direct evidence in establishing the guilt of an actor, and circumstantial evidence alone can be sufficient to establish guilt. Clayton, 235 S.W.3d at 778. Finally, the “cumulative force” of all the circumstantial evidence can be sufficient for a jury to find the accused guilty beyond a reasonable doubt. See Powell v. State, 194 S.W.3d 503, 507 (Tex. Crim. App. 2006).

B. Analysis

Appellant argues that the evidence is legally insufficient to support her conviction because there is no evidence of her intent. Specifically, she argues there is no evidence that she knew the documents were fraudulent.

Section 15.01 of the Texas Penal Code provides, in relevant part, “A person commits an offense if, with specific intent to commit an offense, he does an act amounting to more than mere preparation that tends but fails to effect the commission of the offense intended.” Tex. Penal Code Ann. 15.01(a) (Vernon 2011). Section 31.03 provides, in relevant part, “A person commits an offense if he unlawfully appropriates property with intent to deprive the owner of property.” Id. 31.03(a) (Vernon Supp. 2011).

“[B]oth intent and knowledge may be inferred from circumstantial evidence and proof of a culpable mental state almost invariably depends on circumstantial evidence.” Tottenham v. State, 285 S.W.3d 19, 28 (Tex. App.—Houston [1st Dist.] 2009, no pet.) (citing Dillon v. State, 574 S.W.2d 92, 94 (Tex. Crim. App. 1978)). Intent may be inferred from circumstantial evidence such as the acts, words, and conduct of the accused. Wolfe v. State, 917 S.W.2d 270, 275 (Tex. Crim. App. 1996).

Five-billion-dollar bills of exchange are not commonly encountered documents. One of the Wells Fargo employees that testified, Ryan Norris, stated that in his over five years at the bank, he had never encountered someone trying to deposit such a large amount of money. It strains credulity to suggest that someone could come in possession of bills of exchange for such a large amount without knowing their origin and having some basis to believe in their authenticity.

In support of that, the record shows that appellant never indicated any uncertainty as to the documents’ origins or authenticity. Instead, she demonstrated a firm belief that the money identified in the bills was hers, including calling Wells Fargo and asking about “my ten Bs.” The evidence also shows that appellant was working with a group actively involved in attempting to create an elaborate fake back story and fake documentation to support the bills of exchange. Appellant represented herself as president and CEO of a company that she could demonstrate almost no knowledge of. Her business card included a nonexistent website and wrong phone numbers. Her demeanor at the December 10 meeting was nervous, worried, and scared, suggesting that she was aware of the falsity of the scheme.

We hold that there was legally sufficient evidence in the record to support a determination that appellant knew the documents were fraudulent and, accordingly, intended to unlawfully appropriate property with the intent to deprive the owner of the property. SeeTex. Penal Code Ann. 31.03(a). We overrule appellant’s first issue.

Entrapment

In her second issue, appellant argues the trial court erred in denying her motion for dismissal based on entrapment. First, we must review the procedural posture of this issue.

A. Procedural Posture

Under Texas law, entrapment is a defense to prosecution. Tex. Penal Code Ann. 8.06(a) (Vernon 2011). At trial, if the defendant presents a prima facie showing of entrapment, the burden shifts to the State to disprove entrapment beyond a reasonable doubt. Hernandez v. State, 161 S.W.3d 491, 498 (Tex. Crim. App. 2005). The defendant may also raise the legal issue of entrapment in a pretrial hearing. Id.; see also Tex. Code Crim. Proc. Ann. art. 28.01, 1(9) (Vernon 2006) (listing entrapment as matter that can be determined at a pretrial hearing). In that circumstance, however, the burden rests on the defendant to establish beyond a reasonable doubt that he was entrapped. Hernandez, 161 S.W.3d at 499. Because the procedural posture of the claim of entrapment affects who had the burden of proof and, in turn, our review on appeal, we must resolve how this matter was presented to the trial court.

Appellant filed a pretrial Motion to Dismiss Based on Entrapment. In the motion, she indicated that she wanted to present the motion at a pretrial hearing. That pretrial hearing never took place, however.

After the State rested on its case in chief, appellant announced an intent to move for directed verdict and the trial court retired the jury. The following exchange then occurred:

[Appellant’s Counsel]: Your Honor, I filed a pretrial motion with a motion for directed verdict.

THE COURT: You can orally make your motion. That’s fine.

Appellant then argued her motion based on the evidence that had been presented at trial and asserted that once she had presented some evidence, the burden shifted to the State. Both parties and the trial court then discussed whether the motion should be granted based on the evidence presented at trial. Ultimately, the trial court denied the motion.

No pretrial hearing on the motion was ever held. The evidence argued by the parties and considered by the trial court was the evidence presented at trial. We hold that the trial court’s ruling on appellant’s motion was not a ruling on a pretrial motion but, instead, was a ruling on a motion for directed verdict based on the evidence presented at trial. Accordingly, appellant bore the burden to present a prima facie showing of entrapment and, if that burden was met, the burden of proof then shifted to the State to disprove entrapment beyond a reasonable doubt. See id. at 498.

B. Standard of Review

When conflicting evidence exists on the issue of entrapment, the trial court does not err in overruling a motion to dismiss. Cook v. State, 646 S.W.2d 952, 952 (Tex. Crim. App. 1983). The trial court, as the trier of fact, must weigh the evidence and determine whether the defendant was entrapped as a matter of law. Soto v. State, 681 S.W.2d 602, 604 (Tex. Crim. App. 1984); Bush v. State, 611 S.W.2d 428, 430–31 (Tex. Crim. App. 1980). On review, the issue of entrapment centers on the legal sufficiency of the evidence. Flores v. State, 84 S.W.3d 675, 681 (Tex. App.—Houston [1st Dist.] 2002, pet. ref’d). The sufficiency of the evidence turns on whether, viewing the evidence in the light most favorable to the prosecution, any rational trier of fact could have found the essential elements of the offense beyond a reasonable doubt and also could have found against the defendant on the issue of a defense beyond a reasonable doubt. Adelman v. State, 828 S.W.2d 418, 421 (Tex. Crim. App. 1992) (citing Saxton v. State, 804 S.W.2d 910, 914 (Tex. Crim. App. 1991)).

C. Analysis

Section 8.06 of the Texas Penal Code provides, in part:

It is a defense to prosecution that the actor engaged in the conduct charged because he was induced to do so by a law enforcement agent using persuasion or other means likely to cause persons to commit the offense. Conduct merely affording a person an opportunity to commit an offense does not constitute entrapment.

Tex. Penal Code Ann. 8.06(a). When a defendant raises the defense of entrapment, she must raise prima facie evidence that (1) she engaged in the conduct charged; (2) because she was induced to do so by a law enforcement agent; (3) who used persuasion or other means; and (4) those means were likely to cause persons to commit the offense. Hernandez, 161 S.W.3d at 497.

The entrapment defense has both subjective and objective elements. Id. at 497 n.11 (citing England v. State (T. England), 887 S.W.2d 902, 913–14 (Tex. Crim. App. 1994)). “The subjective element requires evidence that ‘the accused himself was actually induced to commit the charged offense by the persuasiveness of the police conduct.’” Id. (quoting T. England, 887 S.W.2d at 913 n.10). Once inducement is shown, the issue becomes an objective test of “whether the persuasion was such as to cause an ordinarily lawabiding person of average resistance nevertheless to commit the offense.” T. England, 887 S.W.2d at 914.

Appellant argues that “once [the] trier of fact determines that there was inducement to commit [a] criminal act, [the] court must consider only [the] nature of [the] State agent’s activity without any reference to [the] previous disposition of [the] particular defendant to commit [the] crime,” relying on England v. State (R. England), 729 S.W.2d 388, 391 (Tex. App.—Fort Worth 1987, pet. ref’d). Regardless of whether predisposition to commit the crime is relevant after police inducement has been found, it is relevant to the determination of police inducement. See Hernandez, 161 S.W.3d at 497 n.11 (holding “evidence that a person has committed a crime before is some evidence that a subsequent commission of the crime was not induced by police”).

Nevertheless, there is no evidence in the record that appellant had committed or attempted to commit theft before. Accordingly, these cases do not apply to appellant.

More applicable to this case is whether the criminal design originated with appellant. “The issue of entrapment is not raised where the facts only indicate that the criminal design originates in the mind of the accused and the law enforcement official or their agents merely furnish opportunity for or aid the accused in the commission of the crime.” Reese v. State, 877 S.W.2d 328, 333 (Tex. Crim. App. 1994); see also Adams v. State, 270 S.W.3d 657, 662 (Tex. App.—Fort Worth 2008, pet. ref’d).

The fraudulent bills of exchange were created before Wells Fargo or the Secret Service became involved. Appellant possessed them and gave them to Wells Fargo in an attempt to obtain 10 billion dollars from Wells Fargo. Appellant made repeated calls before the sting operation asking about the progress of obtaining the money, referring to the money as her “ten Bs.” Her demeanor at the December 10 meeting suggested she was aware of the fraudulent nature of the documents. There is evidence in the record, then, to show that the criminal design originated with appellant. Because the criminal design originated with appellant, it follows that she was not induced to commit the charged offense by the persuasiveness of the police conduct. See Hernandez, 161 S.W.3d at 497 n.11 (holding subjective element requires evidence that accused herself was induced to commit offense by persuasiveness of police conduct); Reese, 877 S.W.2d at 333 (holding no inducement when criminal design originates in mind of accused and law enforcement officials merely furnish opportunity for or aid in commission of crime).

Appellant argues that Zepeda’s arranging the meeting and giving the documents to her to sign was, at the very least, an implicit representation that the documents were authentic. She argues that this representation was what induced her to commit the crime. In support of this argument, at trial and on appeal, appellant relies on Gifford v. State, 740 S.W.2d 76 (Tex. App.—Fort Worth 1988, pet. ref’d).

In Gifford, the defendant and his wife wanted to put their child up for adoption. Id. at 78. A married couple wanting to adopt learned about Gifford and sought him out. Id. After initially declining, Gifford’s wife called them six weeks later asking if they were still interested and if they could help them out financially with about $3,500. Id. This amount exceeded the cost of the hospital bills incurred with the birth of the child. Id. The Texas Rangers were eventually notified. Id.

Gifford indicated, however, that he was not sure of the legality of the exchange and wanted everything to be done legally. Id. The adoptive couple assured him that they had an attorney and they would take care of the legal issues. Id. The adoptive couple assured Gifford that the process was legal. Id. The Fort Worth Court of Appeals held that the false representations of the legality of the process was entrapment because receiving money for putting a child up for adoption is not inherently illegal. Id. at 79–80.

Appellant argues that it is not inherently illegal to present a bill of exchange to a bank and that there is no evidence that she knew the bills of exchange were fraudulent.

We have already held that there is evidence to support the determination that appellant knew the bills of exchange were fraudulent. It is inherently illegal to obtain money from a bank with fraudulent bills of exchange. See Tex. Penal Code Ann. 31.03(a). Accordingly, Gifford is distinguished from this case.

Moreover, there is no evidence to support the objective portion of the test. Once inducement is shown, the issue becomes an objective test of “whether the persuasion was such as to cause an ordinarily lawabiding person of average resistance nevertheless to commit the offense.” T. England, 887 S.W.2d at 914. The focus is on the law enforcement conduct regardless of the predisposition of the particular defendant. Id. at 908. The question is “whether the persuasion used by the law enforcement agent was such as to cause a hypothetical person—an ordinarily lawabiding person of average resistance—to commit the offense.” Id.

The only evidence of any purported persuasion is Zepeda’s offering the documents to appellant to sign. Appellant argues that this act constituted at least an implicit acknowledgement that the documents were authentic. Even assuming this were true, we hold that an implicit acknowledgment of authenticity does not rise to the level of persuasion that would cause an ordinary law-abiding person to present fraudulent documents in order to obtain money. This amounts to providing the appellant the opportunity to commit the crime, not an inducement to commit it.

The actions of Wells Fargo agents, under the direction of the Secret Service, merely afforded appellant the opportunity to commit an offense, the intent for which originated with appellant. See Tex. Penal Code Ann. 8.06(a) (providing “[c]onduct merely affording a person an opportunity to commit an offense does not constitute entrapment”). We hold there was legally sufficient evidence to support the trial court’s denial of appellant’s directed verdict.



Conclusion

We affirm the judgment of the trial court.



Laura Carter Higley

Justice


Panel consists of Chief Justice Radack and Justices Higley and Brown.

Do not publish. Tex. R. App. P. 47.2(b).

[1] See Tex. Penal Code Ann. 15.01(a) (Vernon 2011), 31.03(a) (Vernon Supp. 2011).

Bill of exchange:


Un effet de commerce est un titre négociable qui constate au profit du porteur une créance de somme d’argent et sert à son paiement. Cet effet doit suivre un formalisme très rigoureux pour sa validité et son efficacité. Différents moyens (dont l'escompte) permettent de faire circuler l'effet avec la créance incorporée. Les deux principaux effets de commerce sont la lettre de change et le billet à ordre.
Il convient de noter que le chèque est aussi un effet de commerce. Cependant, il est payable à vue, si bien que le porteur est en mesure de l’encaisser tout de suite.

Cela doit se relier à

http://books.google.be/books?id=kO1rxn9COwsC&pg=PT897&lpg=PT897&dq=jonathan+todd+clinard&source=bl&ots=mzbU2GgNde&sig=9Mj7JjMHOPADNeplSRgsuNzHALA&hl=fr&sa=X&ei=ODFfUODfOYay0QWn_oD4CA&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=jonathan%20todd%20clinard&f=false

Texas Advance Sheet March 2012

_ _


Il faudrait aussi chercher dans

http://www.finanzaonline.com/forum/obbligazioni-titoli-di-stato/1275992-comitato-fregati-lehman-brothers-i-r-o-l-b-iscrizione-news-vol-xxx-la-svolta-30.html

Voici la traduction automatique :

Le procureur de Rome a saisi 565 milliards de dollars en obligations de contrefaçon. Mais les coffres des institutions y en aurait beaucoup. Et 18 milliards de dollars pourraient être sur le circuit légal

UNE ORGANISATION INTERNATIONALE EN BANQUE ET ESSAYÉ Dl dépôt P0I actualisation

Une enquête menée par le parquet de Rome cherche et saisit 565 milliards de dollars de titres contrefaits. Mais les coffres des institutions il peut y avoir autant.

Et ils ont même être utilisé pour acheter Rome

ANDREA FAIBLE

La question de savoir si quelqu'un a été mis plus d'un an et demi auparavant, lorsque la frontière avec la Suisse ont arrêté deux citoyens japonais avec une valise pleine d'obligations américaines faux. Combien de faux titres américains autour et quels sont-ils? Ensuite, la Guardia di Finanza mis la main sur 134 milliards de dollars du Trésor en fausse, bien à son authenticité n'était pas jusqu'à ce que les émissaires de la Fed et les services secrets américains. L'histoire s'est répétée quelques mois plus tard, quand ils ont été arrêtés à Malpensa deux Philippins avec une valise pleine de lien T contrefaçon. Les bailleurs de fonds qu'ils pouvaient trouver pour moins de 180 milliards de dollars. Beaucoup d'argent, mais ils ne représentent qu'une fraction de ce qu'il a trouvé et saisi par la Guardia di Finanza à la suite d'une longue enquête menée par le procureur adjoint de la Cour de Rome, Stefano Fava.

L'intrigue ressemble à celle d'une histoire d'espionnage impliquant le Vatican, l'IOR, la Banque mondiale et toutes les grandes banques dans le monde entier, avec les déplacements entre Dubaï et la Malaisie, et il est possible que l'affaire pouvait allumer une lumière, même la Banque Italie. La chose est certaine, cependant, c'est la saisie de 20 Charte internationale des faux change (Iboe) des titres de créance, du Trésor américain, pour une valeur totale de 565 milliards de dollars. Le plus inquiétant, cependant, est toujours porté disparu et 18 autres de ces titres qui seront vraisemblablement se retrouver dans le système financier légal. Et la quantité de produits finis dans les coffres des banques peut-être pas loin de ce que les éléments de preuve saisis. Un pour alerter les autorités italiennes à l'escroquerie étaient les mêmes que les services secrets américains, expliquant que les papiers-valeurs émis seulement par le gouvernement américain sont obligations d'épargne. Tous les autres sont électroniques. Le département du Trésor De plus, elle a également fait savoir à connaître les titres visés par l'enquête, car une telle enquête était en cours aux États-Unis. Le chef de l'organisation, selon l'acte d'accusation du Procureur, il serait Victor Pascucci, qui, dans le passé, selon la Cour, serait immédiatement charges pour association de malfaiteurs, blanchiment d'argent, abus de l'exercice et de l'introduction de la monnaie contrefaite. De fournir des titres contrefaits, cependant, aurait été un citoyen américain, Jonathan Todd Clinard. Lors d'une perquisition effectuée à un autre suspect, Ivo Sobrero, la Guardia di Finanza a saisi l'original d'un Clinard diligence raisonnable, avec lesquels l'anglais est devant un notaire certifie l'authenticité de la Iboe 38. Pas seulement. Elle a été saisie où une note à côté de chaque titre est généralement indiqué la banque ou le pays dans lequel la licence a été déposé un faux ou négociée (lire, par exemple, l'opération Lamine, Dubaï, la Banque du Nicaragua, Said, la Malaisie, Heisse, la Banque Europe, Umbra Domini, Rome, Monaco). En bref, quelques-uns des titres sont sortis avec succès dans le circuit légal. De quelle manière? Le modus operandi de la bande était assez simple. Tout d'abord, trouver une institution de dépôt où ouvrir un compte titres sur lequel passer le Iboe contrefaçon. Son fonctionnement est non seulement simple, tandis que le cisaillement était toujours dans les centaines de millions de dollars. La deuxième étape consistait à payer pour le titre dans un autre établissement, le contenu parfois même de recueillir entre 15% et 20% de la valeur nominale. L'organisation a été très actif. Dans certains interceptions (tel que rapporté par 1l Journal hier) est vérifiée même le nom de Alessandro Profumo (les défendeurs appeler Coco Chanel), parce *** Unicredit seraient intéressés par l'opération. Probablement rien de plus qu'un orgueil, parce que tout ne soit conclu avec un trou dans l'eau. Plus positivement, cependant, s'est avéré être un Intavolata négociation à Dubaï, où il a mis en place une joint-venture avec Al Arab holding Rhaba et, plus tard, entre elle et la Malaisie Kosmo Seraya Sdn Bhd, qui était de garantir une réduction de titres. Selon reconstruit par les enquêteurs utilisant l'écoute électronique, puis, une partie des recettes sera crédité sur un compte détenu par la fondation de leur ecclésiastique in Veritate et charitate (Ivec) exécuter, écrire h, par Mgr Francesco Cucca-rendu (ce qui n'est pas enquête). L'opération, en fait, était très complexe. Rhaba dû livrer les titres à Kosmo, qui, à son tour, les avoir en sa possession jusqu'à Mars 31, 2011, payer 70% de la valeur nominale (dans ce cas d'environ 1 milliard de dollars). L'accord, en fait, n'a pas été respectée, et puis l'affaire est tombée à travers. Parfois, les titres seraient utilisés à la place comme garantie dans les transactions d'autres, en particulier l'immobilier (il est mentionné ci: Le Cremalliere).

Mais l'enquête a également même double emploi avec celles sur la vente de Rome par la corde qui était détenue par Vinicio Fioranelli. Les titres, selon les écoutes téléphoniques, devrait servir de provision pour l'affaire. Les contacts avec le secteur bancaire par la clique des obligations faux étaient très vaste: de Santander, Barclays, all'Arab Bank, JP Morgan, il serait encore en contact avec la Banque mondiale et la Banque centrale de Roumanie. La police financière a également saisi des documents attestant le dépôt de 500 millions de dollars de Iboe à la succursale de Cuneo et l'avenir des Finances (groupe Deutsche Bank). (Tous droits réservés) ***

source de Milano Finanza Mars 31, 2011
Mf - Bombe T-bond forgée dans la banque - Bombe T-bond forgée sur les banques

C'est du lourd.
Deux hypothèses :

1. Des activités frauduleuses internationales, une illustration de la mondialisation version mafieuse mais à une aussi grande échelle et des partenaires partout, il faudrait imaginer un gouvernement mondial du crime, du tentaculaire à grande échelle .....

2. Un intérêt politique à cela, d'un Etat non encore identifié, dans un but de déstabilisation mais alors avec les puissances derrière, Ciolini aurait été laché pour une raison X ou Y...

Je suis tenté de croire que Ciolini lui-même dépend de gens placés plus haut que lui. Je suis également impressionné par les montants en jeu. Je pense à un financement occulte ... mais de quoi ?

Espérons que Ciolini éclairera les enquêteurs sur tous les aspects obscurs de sa vie ... et sur ce qui pourrait bien être "l'organisation" ...

HERVE a écrit:

Je suis tenté de croire que Ciolini lui-même dépend de gens placés plus haut que lui. Je suis également impressionné par les montants en jeu. Je pense à un financement occulte ... mais de quoi ?

Espérons que Ciolini éclairera les enquêteurs sur tous les aspects obscurs de sa vie ... et sur ce qui pourrait bien être "l'organisation" ...

The question is : "pourquoi il semble avoir été soudain lâché par ses puissants mentors" ???..........................

Dans le jugement texan, la culpabilité de Kimberly Evette Butler a été établie en appel (avec une peine de 80 ans !).

La seule personne de ce nom que j'ai trouvée est sur :

http://radaris.com/p/Erskin/Butler/

Il est question de la Louisiane, proche du Texas.

Elle ne semble pas avoir donné des explications lors de ses procès. C'est pourtant une "grosse affaire".

Quant à Ciolini, on peut se demander s'il se rendait en Roumanie pour se reposer (comme il l'affirme) ou dans le cadre de ses "activités". Hypothèse : il était "filé" depuis quelques temps et son arrestation n'a pas été une surprise pour tout le monde. En tout cas, l'extradition vers l'Italie a été très rapide.

Je ne sais pas ce qu'il a fait depuis le mandat d'arrêt de 2011. Il semble bien avoir été "en cavale".

Je ne sais pas non plus ce que feront les autorités judiciaires belges ...

Si la peine de prison à laquelle il pourrait être condamné est aussi lourde que celle de Kimberly Evette Butler, il a tout intérêt à dire toute la vérité et rien que la vérité. Il n'est pas certain que c'est ce qu'il fera dans un premier temps. On peut espérer qu'il se rendra compte rapidement de sa situation.

Il est encourageant de constater que la justice a pu garder le secret dans ces enquêtes et a agi de façon coordonnée. Les "protections" dont Ciolini a bénéficié dans le passé semblent s'effriter.

Pour information :


REPORTAGE Argent Sale Poison De La Finance

Le documentaire sur l'argent sale est sur youtube... illégalement...
Décidément, il n'y a plus de frontière entre le légal et l'illégal...
Cliquez : https://youtu.be/_dB9GSgnm1c


Fabrice Rizzoli

FLARE Network

Le site http://flarenetworkfrance.blogspot.com/

Paris desk
fabrice.rizzoli@flarenetwork.org
www.flarenetwork.org
twitter.com/flare_network

FLARE - Liberté, légalité et Droits fondamentaux en Europe - est un réseau de la société civile contre toutes les formes de criminalité organisée.
Le réseau FLARE est composé de 38 organisations non gouvernementales dans 25 pays du Conseil de l'Europe en particulier dans le bassin méditerranéen, la Fédération de Russie, le Caucase et les Balkans.. Elles cible la jeunesse, lutte contre la corruption, contre l'exploitation sexuelle des femmes et des enfants, milite pour protection de l'environnement, la défense des droits humains et le soutien des migrants.

HERVE a écrit:

Pour information :


REPORTAGE Argent Sale Poison De La Finance

Le documentaire sur l'argent sale est sur youtube... illégalement...
Décidément, il n'y a plus de frontière entre le légal et l'illégal...
Cliquez : https://youtu.be/_dB9GSgnm1c


Fabrice Rizzoli

FLARE Network

Le site http://flarenetworkfrance.blogspot.com/

Paris desk
fabrice.rizzoli@flarenetwork.org
www.flarenetwork.org
twitter.com/flare_network

FLARE - Liberté, légalité et Droits fondamentaux en Europe - est un réseau de la société civile contre toutes les formes de criminalité organisée.
Le réseau FLARE est composé de 38 organisations non gouvernementales dans 25 pays du Conseil de l'Europe en particulier dans le bassin méditerranéen, la Fédération de Russie, le Caucase et les Balkans.. Elles cible la jeunesse, lutte contre la corruption, contre l'exploitation sexuelle des femmes et des enfants, milite pour protection de l'environnement, la défense des droits humains et le soutien des migrants.

Je ne sais pas si cela a un lien avec les TBW mais en touscas, c'est édifiant.
On est pas sortis de l'auberge

Le rapport Godbille, c'est devenu de la "roupette de Samsonite".
L'accélérateur du mouvement, c'est en tous cas le néo-libéralisme reagono-tatchérien.

En ce qui concerne Elio Ciolini, il y a un long article dans le magazine italien Panorama du 20 septembre 1982.

A la page 56, il y a un encadré intéressant :

Martelli : viens avec moi à Lausanne

Claudio Martelli, secrétaire adjoint du Parti socialiste italien, s'est présenté aux bureaux de la Banque Bruxelles Lambert de Lausanne, rue Pépinet, à 14 heures le mercredi 8 septembre.

(...)

Il y a aussi la reproduction d'un virement BBL de 575 millions de lires.

Il s'agirait d'un faux avec lequel on aurait tenté de le compromettre.

_ _ _

Il faudrait traduire l'article complet.

C'est intéressant de noter que la BBL de Lausanne est concernée.

Une question que je me repose, à cette occasion, est celle des liens entre Douglas MacArthur II et la BBL (dates, composition du conseil d'administration, etc).

Au sujet de Claudio Martelli, secrétaire adjoint du Parti socialiste italien (voir encadré de l'article de Panorama du 20 septembre 1982) :

http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/europe/italian-minister-falls-victim-to-corruption-1472280.html

PATRICIA CLOUGH

Thursday 11 February 1993

CLAUDIO MARTELLI, the Italian Justice Minister, resigned yesterday after being named in connection with Italy's biggest political corruption scandal and possibly the P2 Masonic plot. He was the first minister in the present government to resign, though the shadow of suspicion has fallen over others, too.

Mr Martelli, the former right- hand man to Bettino Craxi, the discredited Socialist leader and former prime minister, has been spearheading the campaign to unseat his former boss, presenting himself as the clean, younger-generation leader able to save his moribund party. His resignation is clearly intended to preserve this image, for such a move is by no means automatic in Italy and other politicians have preferred to cling to their jobs no matter what the charges against them.

Mr Martelli's name was dragged into the morass of corruption investigations by Silvio Larini, a close friend and associate of Mr Craxi who, after several months in apparently luxurious hiding in France, Switzerland and a south Pacific island, gave himself up to the Italian authorities at the weekend and started telling at least part of what he knew.

One of the things he knew about was a numbered account with the Union des Banques Suisses in Lugano, which he reportedly confessed was opened in his name and into which the Socialist Party allegedly had some of the vast proceeds from corruption paid. And in particular a certain sum of dollars 7m ( pounds 4.9m) allegedly paid in by Roberto Calvi, the crooked former head of the Banco Ambrosiano, on behalf of his ally Licio Gelli, the sinister spider at the centre of the P2 Masonic web of conspiracy to subvert and take over Italy.

The money was allegedly a kickback on a loan which the Socialist leaders had organised to help bail out the ailing Banco Ambrosiano. Rumours that Mr Martelli was connected with the account have been circulating since investigations into the P2 plot started 12 years ago and he has always flatly denied them. Learning that formal investigations were now to be opened against him he resigned.

According to leaks from the Milan public prosecutor's office, Mr Larini has also allegedly stated that millions of pounds' worth of kickbacks from work on the Milan underground railway were actually destined for Mr Craxi himself. Mr Larini is involved in a company that technically owns a beautiful villa in Hammamet, Tunisia, where members of the Craxi family spend their holidays.

Mr Larini's return and his confessions came only a couple of days ahead of the Socialist Party national assembly, due to open tonight, in which Mr Craxi is supposed to bow out and a successor be nominated. Mr Martelli yesterday also resigned from the party and probably will not be there, but in any case his bid seemed doomed as it would have hopelessly divided the leadership.

Who will take over from Mr Craxi after 15 years of autocratic leadership, and try to salvage the century-old party that is rapidly losing almost all the voters it had, is still undecided. The Socialist secretariat, which failed to produce a successor on Tuesday night, meets again this morning, and the assembly is due to vote tomorrow.

Mr Craxi has received notifications of four separate investigations against him for corruption and related crimes. But the scandals involve the other ruling parties too. This week the former Christian Democrat party (DC) secretary, Arnaldo Forlani, the head of DC's Rome branch, Vittorio Sbardella, nicknamed 'The Shark', and two leading members of the Republican Party have either been served notice of investigations or allegedly been implicated by witnesses.